數(shù)控銑床的滑枕部分畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)
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- 數(shù)控銑床的滑枕部分畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)
目錄
摘 要 - 2 -
一、畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)的基本要求和資料 - 5 -
二、電機(jī)的選擇及其參數(shù) - 6 -
三、主傳動(dòng)帶輪的設(shè)計(jì)過程及加工工藝 - 8 -
四、隔墊的設(shè)計(jì) - 17 -
五、電機(jī)調(diào)整墊和支座的設(shè)計(jì) - 17 -
六、主軸的設(shè)計(jì)過程及加工工藝 - 18 -
七、絲杠計(jì)算過程及加工工藝 - 21 -
八、軸承座設(shè)計(jì) - 37 -
九、滑枕箱體設(shè)計(jì) - 37 -
十、總結(jié) - 38 -
十一、參考文獻(xiàn) - 39 -
摘 要
隨著機(jī)械加工行業(yè)的快速發(fā)展，對(duì)機(jī)床設(shè)備要求越來越高，數(shù)控機(jī)床已廣泛應(yīng)用。
1、在機(jī)床傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)中，同步帶傳動(dòng)應(yīng)用越來越廣。因?yàn)樗涯Σ羵鲃?dòng)改善為嚙合傳動(dòng)，避免了打滑，傳動(dòng)精神準(zhǔn)確，效率高，傳動(dòng)比大，功率高。現(xiàn)在已初步系列化，標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化，帶輪和同步帶可以直接購買。
2、軸用來支承回轉(zhuǎn)零件或同時(shí)傳遞運(yùn)動(dòng)和動(dòng)力，軸的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)就是確定軸的外形和全部結(jié)構(gòu)尺寸。影響軸的結(jié)構(gòu)因素很多，如軸在機(jī)器中的安裝位置形式；作用在軸上的載荷性質(zhì)、大小；零件在軸上的位置及其和軸的聯(lián)接方式；軸的加工工藝和裝配工藝等，所以軸沒有標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的結(jié)構(gòu)形式，設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)應(yīng)對(duì)不同情況進(jìn)行具體分析。對(duì)一般軸的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)要求是：1）軸和軸上零件有準(zhǔn)確的工作位置；2）軸上各零件應(yīng)有可靠的相對(duì)固定；3）良好的制造和安裝工藝性；4）形狀、尺寸應(yīng)有利于減少應(yīng)力集中。
3、滾珠絲杠傳動(dòng)是在絲杠和螺母之間放入適當(dāng)數(shù)量的滾珠，使絲械和螺母之間的摩擦由普通絲杠的滑動(dòng)摩擦改善為滾動(dòng)摩擦的一種螺旋傳動(dòng)裝置。其作用是裝旋轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)橹本�運(yùn)動(dòng)，它由滾珠絲杠、螺母、滾珠、滾珠循環(huán)返回裝置等零件組成。其特點(diǎn)為：摩擦小，逆正效率高；磨損小，壽命長；通過預(yù)緊可消除軸向間隙，提高傳動(dòng)精度；不自鎖；結(jié)構(gòu)較復(fù)雜，工藝性差，成本高。
4、零件加工應(yīng)遵循基本的機(jī)械加工順序安排：先粗后精，先面后孔，先主后次，基面先行，熱處理按段穿插，檢驗(yàn)按需安排，完善加工工藝體系可以保證和提高產(chǎn)品的質(zhì)量，提高勞動(dòng)生產(chǎn)率，降低成本。
關(guān)鍵字：同步帶 滾珠絲杠 脹套 螺母 粗糙度 配合
Summary
Process the fast development of the profession along with the machine,Is more and more high to equipments of machine tool request,NC machine toolalready extensive applied,output of it is growing rapidly.
1.In the system of machine tool for transmitting devise,belting in step have applicated more and more wide.Because it spread the friction moving improvement as the wheel gear moving,avoid beating to be slippery,moving is accurate,the efficiency is high,the ratio is big,the power is high.Xow they have already in first standarded.Gears and beltings in step may purchase directly.
2.The shaft is used to accept the turn-over spare parts or to deliver powered motion and the motve in time.the axial construction design is to makes sure the axial shape and all sizes constructions.The factors influencing The axial construction are many,such as stalk at gearing in the machine position with form、Function or charge on the stalk is the kind and the sizes of it、parts in the position no shaft and the method of engagingi to the shaft、Properties processing and assembing etc.So the shaft has no standarded construction.Request of deigning the general shaft condtruction have these that the shaft and parts in it contain accurate work position,parts in shaft should be fixed oppoditly in the position, Properies well manufacturing and processing, the shape、sizeshould benefit to decrease“stress raisers”.
3.Improve transmission precision and rigidity enter the system of giving the baoo silk pole nut (enter give system sharply) , worm gear worm (circumference enter give system) and support structure to determine their transmission preeision and main part or rigidity, must guarantee machining accuracy of them at rirst, for adopt walk into electrical machinery drive turn on the ring system especially so. In enter for the drive chains to join and moderate the gear wheel, can reduce pulse equivalent, can improve the preeision of the trandmission from the point of what has been designed. In addition can also adopt dispelling the ball silk pole nut vice axial transmission interval clocely in advance rational; Support the bearing of the silk pole in order to improve the structure rigidity supported closely in advance; Dispel gear wheel, worm gear, etc.transmit interval among, measure these is it improve transmission precision to help. Rigidity is entered insufficiently for the system to make the workingbench (or tow the board) produce creeping and vibration. For adopt cylinder is it enter give system to drive ,because compression of rluid rigidity very much low, must limit the greatest journey of its cylinder.
Key words
Belting in step screw bulge set nut finish fit
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